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- Gwaje-gwaje don Ganewar Cutar Cutar SARS-CoV-2
Don tabbatar da lamuran COVID-19, an ba da rahoton alamun asibiti na gama gari sun haɗa da zazzabi, tari, myalgia ko gajiya.Amma duk da haka waɗannan alamun ba su ne keɓaɓɓun siffofi na COVID-19 ba saboda waɗannan alamun suna kama da na sauran cututtukan da ke kamuwa da ƙwayar cuta kamar mura.A halin yanzu, kwayar nucleic acid Real-Time PCR (rt-PCR), CT imaging da wasu sigogin jini sune kayan aikin farko don gano asibiti na kamuwa da cuta.Yawancin na'urorin gwaji na dakin gwaje-gwaje an haɓaka kuma an yi amfani da su wajen gwada samfuran marasa lafiya don COVID-19 ta CDC ta kasar Sin.1, Amurka CDC2da sauran kamfanoni masu zaman kansu.Gwajin rigakafin IgG/IgM, hanyar gwajin serological, an kuma ƙara shi azaman ma'auni na bincike a cikin sabuntar sigar Sinawa na bincike da jagororin jiyya game da cutar sankarau (COVID-19), wacce aka bayar a ranar 3 ga Maris.1.Gwajin nucleic acid rt-PCR har yanzu shine daidaitaccen hanyar gano cutar ta COVID-19.
Mataki mai ƙarfi®Novel Coronavlrus (SARS-COV-2) Kit ɗin PCR na Real-Time (Gano ga kwayoyin halitta guda uku)
Amma duk da haka waɗannan na'urorin gwajin PCR na ainihin-lokaci, neman kayan gado na ƙwayar cuta, misali a cikin hanci, na baka, ko swabs na tsuliya, suna fama da iyakoki da yawa:
1) Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna da tsawon lokacin juyawa kuma suna da rikitarwa a cikin aiki;gabaɗaya suna ɗaukar matsakaita sama da awanni 2 zuwa 3 don samar da sakamako.
2) Gwajin PCR na buƙatar ƙwararrun dakunan gwaje-gwaje, kayan aiki masu tsada da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masana don yin aiki.
3) Akwai wasu lambobi na rashin ƙarfi na rt-PCR na COVID-19.Yana iya saboda ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta ta SARS-CoV-2 a cikin samfurin swab na sama na numfashi (Novel coronavirus galibi yana cutar da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, kamar alveoli na huhu) kuma gwajin ba zai iya gano mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ba, sun warke, da kuma sun kawar da kwayar cutar daga jikinsu.
Binciken Lirong Zou et al4An gano cewa an gano manyan lodin kwayar cutar ba da jimawa ba bayan bayyanar cutar, tare da gano nauyin kwayar cutar hoto a cikin hanci fiye da a cikin makogwaro da yanayin zubar da kwayar cutar nucleic acid na marasa lafiya da suka kamu da SARS-CoV-2 yayi kama da na marasa lafiya da mura.4kuma ya bambanta da wanda aka gani a cikin marasa lafiya da suka kamu da SARS-CoV-2.
Yang Pan et al5An yi nazarin samfuran siriyal (swabs, sputum, fitsari, da stool) daga majiyyata biyu a birnin Beijing, kuma sun gano cewa nauyin ƙwayar cuta a cikin makogwaro da samfuran sputum ya cika a kusan kwanaki 5-6 bayan bayyanar cututtuka, samfuran sputum gabaɗaya sun nuna nauyin ƙwayar cuta fiye da yadda ya kamata. samfurori swab makogwaro.Ba a gano kwayar cutar kwayar cutar RNA a cikin fitsari ko samfurin stool daga waɗannan marasa lafiya biyu ba.
Gwajin PCR yana ba da sakamako mai kyau kawai lokacin da kwayar cutar ta kasance.Gwaje-gwajen ba za su iya tantance mutanen da suka kamu da cutar ba, suka murmure, kuma suka share kwayar cutar daga jikinsu.A zahiri, kusan kashi 30% -50% ne kawai ke da inganci ga PCR a cikin marasa lafiya da cutar ciwon huhu na coronavirus a asibiti.Yawancin marasa lafiya na ciwon huhu na coronavirus ba za a iya gano su ba saboda mummunan gwajin nucleic acid, don haka ba za su iya samun madaidaicin magani cikin lokaci ba.Tun daga bugu na farko zuwa na shida na jagororin, dogaro kawai kan gano sakamakon gwajin da aka yi na gwajin sinadarin nucleic acid, wanda ya haifar da babbar matsala ga likitocin.Na farko "mai busa-busa", Dr. Li Wenliang, likitan ido a tsakiyar Wuhan. Asibiti, ya mutu.A lokacin rayuwarsa, ya yi gwaje-gwajen acid nucleic guda uku a yanayin zazzabi da tari, kuma a ƙarshe ya sami sakamako mai kyau na PCR.
Bayan tattaunawa da masana, an yanke shawarar ƙara hanyoyin gwajin jini a matsayin sabon ma'aunin bincike.Yayin gwajin rigakafin, wanda kuma ake kira gwajin jini, wanda zai iya tabbatar da ko wani ya kamu da cutar koda bayan tsarin garkuwar jikinsu ya kawar da kwayar cutar da ke haifar da COVID-19.
StrongStep® SARS-COV-2 IgG/IgM Gwajin Saurin Gwajin Antibody
Gwajin rigakafin IgG/IgM zai taimaka a gano ta hanyar da ta fi yawan jama'a wanda ya kamu da cutar, saboda yawancin lokuta da alama suna yaduwa daga marasa lafiya asymptomatic waɗanda ba za a iya gane su cikin sauƙi ba.Wasu ma'aurata a Singapore, mijin ya gwada ingancin PCR, sakamakon gwajin PCR na matarsa ba shi da kyau, amma sakamakon gwajin rigakafin ya nuna cewa tana da ƙwayoyin rigakafi, kamar yadda mijinta ya yi.
Ana buƙatar tantance gwaje-gwajen serological a hankali don tabbatar da cewa sun mayar da martani cikin dogaro, amma ga ƙwayoyin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta kawai.Damuwa ɗaya ita ce kamanceceniya tsakanin ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke haifar da matsanancin ciwo na numfashi da kuma COVID-19 na iya haifar da kai-tsaye.IgG-IgM ya haɓaka ta Xue Feng wang6an yi la'akari da cewa za a iya amfani da shi azaman gwajin kulawa (POCT), kamar yadda za'a iya yin shi kusa da gefen gado tare da jinin yatsa.Kit ɗin yana da hankali na 88.66% da ƙayyadaddun 90.63%.Duk da haka, har yanzu an sami sakamako mara kyau na ƙarya.
A cikin sabuntar sigar China na bincike da jagorar jiyya don cutar coronavirus (COVID-19)1, an ayyana shari'o'in da aka tabbatar a matsayin wadanda ake zargi sun cika kowane ɗayan sharuɗɗan masu zuwa:
(1) Samfurori na numfashi, jini ko stool samfurori da aka gwada tabbatacce ga SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid ta amfani da rt-PCR;
(2) Tsarin kwayoyin halitta na ƙwayoyin cuta daga sassan numfashi, jini ko samfuran samfuran stool suna da alaƙa da sanannen SARS-CoV-2;
(3) Serum novel coronavirus takamaiman IgM antibody da IgG antibody sun kasance tabbatacce;
(4) Serum novel coronavirus-takamaiman antibody IgG wanda aka canza daga mara kyau zuwa tabbatacce ko takamaiman rigakafin cutar sankara na IgG yayin lokacin dawowa ya ninka sau 4 sama da wancan yayin lokacin m.
Ganewa da maganin COVID-19
| Jagorori | An buga | Tabbatar da ma'aunin bincike |
| Siga ta 7 | 3 Maris.2020 | ❶ PCR ❷ NGS ❸ IgM+IgG |
| Siga ta 6 | 18 ga Fabrairu, 2020 | ❶ PCR ❷ NGS |
Magana
1. Sharuɗɗa don ganowa da kuma maganin cutar huhu na coronavirus (nau'in gwaji na 7, Hukumar Lafiya ta Jama'ar Jama'ar Sin, wanda aka bayar a ranar 3.Mar.2020)
http://www.nhc.gov.cn/yzygj/s7652m/202003/a31191442e29474b98bfed5579d5af95.shtml
2. Amfani da Bincike kawai Tsarin RT-PCR na Gaskiya don Gane 2019-nCoV
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/lab/rt-pcr-detection-instructions.html
3. Kasar Singapore ta yi ikirarin yin amfani da gwajin farko na maganin rigakafi don bin diddigin cututtukan coronavirus
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/02/singapore-claims-first-use-antibody-test-track-coronavirus-infections
4.SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load a cikin Samfurin Numfashi na Sama na Marasa lafiya da suka kamu da cutar Fabrairu 19,2020 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2001737
5.Viralloads na SARS-CoV-2 a cikin samfuran asibiti Lancet Infect Dis 2020 An buga Online Fabrairu 24, 2020 (https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30113-4)
6. Haɓaka da Aikace-aikacen asibiti na Gwajin Haɗaɗɗen IgM-IgG mai sauri don SARS-CoV-2
Binciken Cutar Cutar XueFeng Wang ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8854-275X
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 17-2020
