Kamfanoni na kasar Sin suna yin yunƙurin cimma buƙatun duniya na kayan gwajin coronavirus ko dayayin da buƙatun cikin gida ke bushewa, amma masana'anta na juggernaut ba zai iya isa ba

Finbarr Bermingham, Sidney Leng da Echo Xie
Yayin da bala'in barkewar cutar sankara a kasar Sin ke bayyana a lokacin hutun sabuwar shekara ta watan Janairu, gungun kwararrun masana sun jibge a wani wurin da ke Nanjing tare da wadatar noodles da kuma takaitaccen bayani don samar da na'urorin gwaji don gano cutar.Tuni a wannan lokacin, coronavirus ya ratsa cikin birnin Wuhan kuma yana yaduwa cikin sauri a cikin China.Gwmnatin tsakiya ta amince da wasu ƴan gwaje-gwajen cutar, amma ɗaruruwan kamfanoni a duk faɗin ƙasar suna ci gaba da fafutukar haɓaka sababbi.

Muna da umarni da yawa yanzu… muna tunanin yin aiki awanni 24 a rana
ZHANG SHUWEN, NANJING LIMING BIO-PRODUCTS

"Ban yi tunanin neman izini a kasar Sin ba," in ji Zhang Shuwen, na Nanjing Li ming Bio-Products.“Aikace-aikacen yana ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa.Lokacin da na sami amincewa daga ƙarshe, ƙila an riga an gama barkewar cutar."Madadin haka, Zhang da kamfanin da ya kafa wani bangare ne na wani rukunin masu fitar da kayayyaki na kasar Sin da ke sayar da kayayyakin gwaji ga sauran kasashen duniya yayin da annobar ta bazu a wajen kasar Sin, inda a yanzu haka ake ci gaba da shawo kan barkewar cutar, lamarin da ya haifar da faduwar bukatun cikin gida.A watan Fabrairu, ya nemi sayar da samfuran gwaji guda huɗu a cikin Tarayyar Turai, yana karɓar takardar shaidar CE a cikin Maris, ma'ana sun cika ka'idodin kiwon lafiya, aminci da muhalli na EU.Yanzu, Zhang yana da littafin oda tare da abokan ciniki daga Italiya, Spain, Austria, Hungary, Faransa, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Japan, da Koriya ta Kudu."Muna da umarni da yawa yanzu muna aiki har zuwa karfe 9 na dare.
kwana bakwai a mako.Muna tunanin yin aiki sa'o'i 24 a rana, muna rokon ma'aikata su dauki sauyi uku kowace rana," in ji Zhang.An yi kiyasin cewa sama da mutane biliyan 3 ne ke kulle-kulle a fadin duniya, yayin da adadin wadanda suka mutu sanadiyar cutar korona ya zarce 30,000.Wuraren da suka kamu da cutar sun bazu a duk faɗin Turai da Amurka, inda cibiyar ta tashi daga Wuhan a tsakiyar China zuwa Italiya, sannan Spain da kuma yanzu.

New York.Karancin kayan aikin gwaji na yau da kullun yana nufin cewa maimakon a gano cutar, ana neman majinyata masu yuwuwar da ake gani a matsayin "ƙananan haɗari" su zauna a gida.“A farkon watan Fabrairu, kusan rabin kayan gwajin mu ana siyar da su a China rabin kuma a kasashen waje.Yanzu, kusan babu wanda ake sayarwa a cikin gida.Wadanda muke sayarwa a nan yanzu don su neFasinjojin da ke isowa daga wajen [China] wadanda ke bukatar a gwada su," in ji wani babban jami'in gudanarwa a rukunin BGI, babban kamfanin sarrafa kwayoyin halittu na kasar Sin, wanda ya yi magana a karkashinsa.yanayin rashin sanin sunansa.A farkon watan Fabrairu, BGI tana yin kayyayaki 200,000 a rana daga shukar ta a Wuhan.An ci gaba da gudanar da shukar, tare da ‘yan ma’aikata ‘yan ɗaruruwa, sa’o’i 24 a rana yayin da aka rufe yawancin birnin.Yanzu, ya ce kamfanin yana samar da kayayyaki 600,000 a kowace rana kuma yanzu ya zama kamfani na farko na kasar Sin da ya sami amincewar gaggawa don siyar da gwaje-gwajen sarkar polymerase na ainihin lokacin (PCR) a Amurka.Na'urorin gwajin da kasar Sin ke yi na zama ruwan dare gama gari a ko'ina cikin Turai da ma sauran kasashen duniya, lamarin da ya kara wani sabon salo a muhawarar da ake yi kan dogaro da kayayyakin jinya daga kasar Sin.Ya zuwa ranar alhamis, an ba wa kamfanonin kasar Sin 102 damar shiga kasuwannin Turai, a cewar Song Haibo, shugaban kungiyar Sinawa ta In-Vitro Diagnostics (CAIVD), idan aka kwatanta da guda daya da ke da lasisi a Amurka.Yawancin waɗannan kamfanoni, duk da haka,Ba ku da izinin Hukumar Kula da Kayayyakin Kiwon Lafiya ta ƙasa da ake buƙata don siyarwa a China.A zahiri, 13 ne kawai aka basu lasisin siyar da kayan gwajin PCR a China, tare da siyar da sigar rigakafin cutar guda takwas.Wani manaja a wani kamfanin fasahar kere-kere da ke Changsha, wanda ya bukaci a sakaya sunansa, ya ce kamfanin kawai yana da lasisin sayar da kayan gwajin PCR ga dabbobi a kasar Sin, amma yana shirin bunkasa samar da sabbin kayayyaki 30,000 na Covid-19 da za a sayar a Turai. , bayan "kawai samun takardar shedar CE a ranar 17 ga Maris".

Ba duk wadannan zage-zage da aka yi a kasuwannin Turai ba ne suka yi nasara.Kasar Sin ta fitar da abin rufe fuska miliyan 550, na'urorin gwaji miliyan 5.5 da masu ba da iska miliyan 950 zuwa Spain a kan kudi Yuro miliyan 432 (dalar Amurka miliyan 480) a farkon Maris, amma nan da nan aka taso kan ingancin gwaje-gwajen.

A cikin 'yan kwanakin nan an samu wasu kararraki da suka samu na'urorin gwaji na kasar Sin sun ba da rahoton cewa bai yi aiki kamar yadda ake tsammani ba.A makon da ya gabata, jaridar Spain El País ta ba da rahoton cewa kayan gwajin antigen daga kamfanin Bioeasy Biotechnology na Shenzhen kawai suna da adadin gano kashi 30 na Covid-19, lokacin da yakamata su kasance daidai kashi 80 cikin ɗari.Bioeasy, ya bayyana, ba a haɗa shi cikin jerin masu samar da kayayyaki da Ma'aikatar Ciniki ta China ta ba Spain ba.kuskure, yana ba da shawara maimakon cewa masu binciken Mutanen Espanya ba su bi umarnin daidai ba.Hukumomi a Philippines sun kuma ce a ranar Asabar din da ta gabata sun yi watsi da na'urorin gwaji daga kasar Sin, suna masu cewa kashi 40 cikin 100 na daidaito ne kawai. majiyar da ta nemi a sakaya sunanta."Amma wannan ya kamata ya zama farkawa na rashin kunya don kada mu yi kasa a gwiwa game da sarrafa inganci, ko kuma za mu yi watsi da albarkatu masu tsada daga taga tare da kawo wasu rauni ga tsarin, barin kwayar cutar ta kara fadada."

Gwajin PCR mafi rikitarwa yana ƙoƙarin nemo jerin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar tura magunguna - sinadarai ko reagents waɗanda aka ƙara don gwadawa idan wani abu ya faru - waɗanda ke manne da jerin kwayoyin da aka yi niyya.Abin da ake kira "gwajin gaggawa" kuma ana yin shi tare da swab na hanci, kuma ana iya yin shi ba tare da batun barin motar su ba.Sa'an nan kuma ana bincika samfurin da sauri don antigens wanda zai ba da shawarar cewa kwayar cutar ta kasance.

Leo Poon, shugaban kimiyar dakin gwaje-gwajen lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar Hong Kong, ya ce gwajin PCR ya kasance "mafi kyau" ga gwajin rigakafin mutum ko antigen, wanda kawai zai iya gano coronavirus da zarar mai haƙuri ya kamu da cutar aƙalla kwanaki 10.

Koyaya, gwaje-gwajen PCR sun fi rikitarwa don haɓakawa da ƙirƙira, kuma tare da ƙarancin ƙarancin duniya, ƙasashe a duniya suna tattara samfuran mafi sauƙi.

Ana ƙara, gwamnatoci suna juyawa zuwa China, wanda tare da Koriya ta Kudu, ɗaya daga cikin wurare kaɗan a duniya waɗanda har yanzu akwai na'urorin gwaji.

Yana da yuwuwa ya fi rikitarwa fiye da yin kayan kariya
BENJAMIN PINSKY, STANFORD UNIVERSITY

A ranar alhamis, kamfanin jirgin saman Irish Aer Lingus ya ba da sanarwar zai aika da manyan jiragensa biyar zuwa kasar Sin kowace rana don daukar kayan aiki, gami da na'urorin gwaji 100,000 a mako guda, tare da shiga cikin wasu kasashe da ke mayar da jirgin sama na kasuwanci a matsayin tasoshin jigilar magunguna.

Amma an ce ko da irin wannan yunƙurin, Sin ba za ta iya biyan buƙatun duniya na kayan gwaji ba, tare da wani mai siyar da ya kwatanta buƙatun duniya a matsayin "marasa iyaka".

Kamfanin Huaxi Securities, wani kamfani na saka hannun jari na kasar Sin, a makon da ya gabata ya kiyasta bukatar duniya na kayan gwaji har zuwa raka'a 700,000 a kowace rana, amma ganin cewa karancin gwaje-gwajen ya haifar da kusan rabin duniya na aiwatar da kulle-kulle masu tsauri, wannan adadi yana da ra'ayin mazan jiya.Kuma da aka ba da tsoro game da masu ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ba su nuna alamun ba, a cikin kyakkyawar duniya, za a gwada kowa da kowa, kuma wataƙila fiye da sau ɗaya.

Ryan Kemp, darekta a Zymo Research, wani Ba'amurke mai kera ilmin kwayoyin halitta ya ce: "Da zarar kwayar cutar ta zama babu kunshe a cikinta, ban tabbata duniya ba, ko da tana da cikakkiyar tsari, za a iya gwada ta a matakan da mutane ke son gwadawa." kayan aikin bincike, wanda ya sanya "kashi 100 cikin 100 don tallafawa kokarin Covid-19, tare da tattara dukkan kamfanin don tallafawa shi".

Song, a CAIVD, ya kiyasta cewa idan kun haɗu da ƙarfin kamfanonin da ke da lasisi a China da Tarayyar Turai, za a iya yin isassun gwaje-gwaje a kowace rana don hidima ga mutane miliyan 3 tare da cakuda PCR da gwajin rigakafin mutum.

Ya zuwa ranar alhamis, Amurka ta gwada mutane 552,000 gaba daya, in ji Fadar White House.Stephen Sunderland, abokin hadin gwiwa da ya mai da hankali kan fasahar likitanci a kamfanin LEK Consulting na Shanghai, ya kiyasta cewa idan Amurka da EU za su bi matakin gwaji iri daya da Koriya ta Kudu, za a bukaci yin gwaje-gwaje miliyan 4.

Tare da wannan a zuciya, yana da wuya cewa duk ƙarfin masana'anta a duniya zai iya biyan buƙatu, aƙalla a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Na'urar gwajin "ba kamar yin abin rufe fuska ba ce", in ji majiyar a BGI, wacce ta yi gargadin cewa ba zai yuwu ga kamfanonin da ba kwararru ba kamar Ford, Xiaomi ko Tesla su yi na'urorin gwaji, idan aka yi la'akari da sarkakiya da shingen shigarwa.

Daga karfin da kamfanin ke da shi na 600,000 a rana, "ba zai yuwu a fadada masana'antar ba" saboda takaddamar da ke tattare da tsarin, in ji majiyar BGI.Dole ne samar da kayan aikin bincike a kasar Sin ya dace da tsauraran matakan asibiti don haka tsarin amincewa da sabon wurin ya dauki tsakanin watanni shida zuwa 12.

Poon ya ce "Yana da matukar wahala a kara fitar da kayan kwatsam, ko kuma a nemi wata hanyar daban, fiye da abin rufe fuska," in ji Poon.“Dole ne a ba wa masana'anta izini kuma dole ne ta cika ka'idoji masu kyau.Yana ɗaukar lokaci.don yin haka."

Song ya ce ga wani abu mai tsanani kamar coronavirus, samun kayan gwajin da China ta amince da shi na iyazama ma fi wahala fiye da saba.“Kwayar cutar tana da saurin yaduwa kuma ana sarrafa pecimen nem, yana da wahala… don samun samfurori don tabbatar da cikakken tabbaci da kimanta samfuran, ”in ji shugaban.

Barkewar cutar ta kuma yi illa ga samar da kayan da ake amfani da su a cikin kayan aiki, wanda ya haifar da karanci a duniya.

Misali, samfurin da Zymo ya yi don jigilar kayayyaki da adana samfuran halitta yana samuwa cikin wadataccen wadataccen abinci - amma kamfanin yana ganin ƙarancin swabs masu sauƙi da ake buƙata don tattara samfuran.

Maganin Zymo shine amfani da swabs daga wasu kamfanoni."Duk da haka akwai iyakantattun kayayyaki, wanda muke ba da reagent ga ƙungiyoyi don haɗawa da swabs ɗin da suke a hannu", in ji Kemp, ya kara da cewa, a cikin yanayin sarkar samar da magunguna ta duniya, an yi yawancin swabs na duniya. Kamfanin Copan na Italiya, a cikin yankin Lombardy mai fama da cutar.

Benjamin Pinsky, wanda ke gudanar da babban dakin gwaje-gwaje na coronavirus na arewacin California daga Jami'ar Stanford, ya ce "an sami babban kalubale tare da samar da kayan masarufi da kayan masarufi"
ana amfani dashi a cikin gwajin PCR.

Yayin da Pinsky ya ƙirƙira gwajin PCR, ya sami matsala wajen samo kayayyaki, gami da swabs, kafofin watsa labarai na jigilar hoto, PCR reagents da kayan haɓakawa.“Wasu daga cikin wadanda ke da wahalar samu.An samu tsaiko daga wasu kamfanonin da ke samar da firamare da bincike,” ya kara da cewa."Yana iya yiwuwa ya fi rikitarwa fiye da yin
kayan kariya na sirri."

Zhang a Nanjing yana da ikon yin na'urorin gwaji na PCR 30,000 a kowace rana, amma yana shirin siyan ƙarin injuna biyu don haɓaka shi zuwa 100,000.Amma kayan aikin fitar da kayayyaki suna da sarkakiya, in ji shi.Zhang ya ce, "Babu fiye da kamfanoni biyar a kasar Sin da za su iya sayar da na'urorin gwajin PCR a kasashen ketare, saboda zirga-zirgar na bukatar yanayi a rage ma'aunin Celsius 20 (digiri 68 na Fahrenheit)," in ji Zhang."Idan kamfanoni sun nemi kayan aikin sarkar sanyi don jigilar kaya, kudin ya ma fi kayan da za su iya siyarwa."

Kamfanonin Turai da Amurka gabaɗaya sun mamaye kasuwannin kayan aikin bincike na duniya, amma yanzu China ta zama cibiyar samar da kayayyaki.

A daidai lokacin da ake fama da irin wannan karancin, lamarin a Spain ya tabbatar da cewa a cikin gaggawar da ake yi na kayayyakin kiwon lafiya wadanda suka yi karanci da daraja kamar kurar zinare a bana, ya kamata mai siye ya yi hattara.